Students' Perception of Using ChatGPT as an AI-Integrated Tool in the Malay Language

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36312/e-saintika.v9i1.2584

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, ChatGPT, Malay language, Technology Acceptance Model

Abstract

This study examines the perceptions of students using ChatGPT in the Malay language. To meet the aims, We adopted the theory of technology acceptance model (TAM). The study focuses on system quality, information quality, service quality, user satisfaction, perceived net benefits, and awareness of ethics and plagiarism. Data were collected through a Qualtrics survey. The finding informed that the system quality of ChatGPT achieved a mean score of 3.375, indicating ease of use and flexibility. Information quality received a mean score of 3.27, suggesting accuracy and usefulness. Service quality scored 3.207, reflecting adequate technical support and consistent performance. User satisfaction was remarkably high, with a mean score of 3.334, demonstrating strong confidence and contentment with ChatGPT’s functionality. Perceived net benefits scored 3.337, highlighting language skills and communication efficiency enhancements. Meanwhile, the ethical considerations were moderately addressed, with a mean score of 3.115, indicating a need for improved education on responsible use. The findings suggest that ChatGPT is a valuable tool for the Malay language, with areas for further enhancement in information quality and ethical practices. At the same time, understanding users’ perceptions will also help create between relevant AI resources, inform policies for ethical AI use, and enhance learning experience for Malay learners.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abd Rahim, M. E., Abd Rahim, E. M., Razawi, N. A., & Mohamed, N. (2023). Students’ Perception on the Use of ChatGPT as a Language Learning Tool. Idealogy Journal, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.24191/idealogy.v8i2.456

Abdaljaleel, M., Barakat, M., Alsanafi, M., Salim, N. A., Abazid, H., Malaeb, D., Mohammed, A. H., Hassan, B. A. R., Wayyes, A. M., Farhan, S. S., Khatib, S. E., Rahal, M., Sahban, A., Abdelaziz, D. H., Mansour, N. O., AlZayer, R., Khalil, R., Fekih-Romdhane, F., Hallit, R., … Sallam, M. (2023). Factors Influencing Attitudes of University Students towards ChatGPT and its Usage: A Multi-National Study Validating the TAME-ChatGPT Survey Instrument. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3400248/v1

Abouammoh, N., Alhasan, K., Raina, R., Malki, K. A., Aljamaan, F., Tamimi, I., Muaygil, R., Wahabi, H., Jamal, A., Al-Tawfiq, J. A., Al-Eyadhy, A., Soliman, M., & Temsah, M.-H. (2023). Exploring Perceptions and Experiences of ChatGPT in Medical Education: A Qualitative Study Among Medical College Faculty and Students in Saudi Arabia. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.13.23292624

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84(5), 888–918. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.84.5.888

Alharbi, S., & Drew, S. (2014). Using the Technology Acceptance Model in Understanding Academics’ Behavioural Intention to Use Learning Management Systems. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2014.050120

Ali, D., Fatemi, Y., Boskabadi, E., Nikfar, M., Ugwuoke, J., & Ali, H. (2024). ChatGPT in Teaching and Learning: A Systematic Review. Education Sciences, 14(6), 643. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14060643

Alm, A., & Ohashi, L. (2024). A worldwide study on language educators’ initial response to ChatGPT. Technology in Language Teaching & Learning, 6(1), 1141. https://doi.org/10.29140/tltl.v6n1.1141

Alneyadi, S., & Wardat, Y. (2023). ChatGPT: Revolutionizing student achievement in the electronic magnetism unit for eleventh-grade students in Emirates schools. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(4), ep448. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13417

Aman, A., Prasojo, L. D., Sofwan, M., Mukminin, A., Habibi, A., & Yaqin, L. N. (2020). Factors Affecting Indonesian Pre-Service Teachers’ Use of m-LMS: A Mix Method Study. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), 14(06), 137. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i06.12035

An, Y., Ouyang, W., & Zhu, F. (2023). ChatGPT in Higher Education: Design Teaching Model Involving ChatGPT. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media, 24(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/24/20230560

Bao, Y. (2024). A comprehensive investigation for ChatGPTs applications in education. Applied and Computational Engineering, 35(1), 116–122. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/35/20230377

Basir, A., Puspitasari, E. D., Aristarini, C. C., Sulastri, P. D., & Almaududi Ausat, A. M. (2023). Ethical Use of ChatGPT in the Context of Leadership and Strategic Decisions. Jurnal Minfo Polgan, 12(1), 1239–1246. https://doi.org/10.33395/jmp.v12i1.12693

Boulaid, F. (2024). ChatGPT in The Lab: Analyzing the Potential Pros and Cons for Research Professionals. JURNAL ARBITRER, 10(4), 426–436. https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.10.4.426-436.2023

Bouzar, A., El Idrissi, K., & Ghourdou, T. (2024). Investigating the Correlation between Different ChatGPT Versions and Task Initiation among Postgraduate Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. American Journal of Education and Technology, 3(2), 79–84. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajet.v3i2.2704

Chan, C. K. Y., & Hu, W. (2023). Students’ voices on generative AI: Perceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 20(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00411-8

Chen, J., Zhuo, Z., & Lin, J. (2023). Does ChatGPT Play a Double-Edged Sword Role in the Field of Higher Education? An In-Depth Exploration of the Factors Affecting Student Performance. Sustainability, 15(24), 16928. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416928

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

De Angelis, L., Baglivo, F., Arzilli, G., Privitera, G. P., Ferragina, P., Tozzi, A. E., & Rizzo, C. (2023). ChatGPT and the rise of large language models: The new AI-driven infodemic threat in public health. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1166120. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1166120

Dung, L. Q. (2024). The Effectiveness of the Integration of ChatGPT into Flipped Classrooms from Teachers’ and Learners’ Perspectives. English Language Teaching, 17(7), 38. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v17n7p38

Fahy, S., Niemann, M., Böhm, P., Winkler, T., & Oehme, S. (2024). Assessment of the Quality and Readability of Information Provided by ChatGPT in Relation to the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy for Osteoarthritis. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 14(5), 495. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14050495

Faisal, E. (2024). Unlock the potential for Saudi Arabian higher education: A systematic review of the benefits of ChatGPT. Frontiers in Education, 9, 1325601. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1325601

Fatima, M. (2024). Revolutionizing Interaction: Exploring the Impact of Chatgpt in Education. International Journal of Advances in Business and Management Research, 01(02), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.62674/ijabmr.2024.v1i02.003

Fu, Y. (2024). A research of the impact of ChatGPT on education. Applied and Computational Engineering, 35(1), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/35/20230354

Gao, R., Lin, Y., Zhao, N., & Cai, Z. G. (2024). Machine translation of Chinese classical poetry: A comparison among ChatGPT, Google Translate, and DeepL Translator. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 835. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03363-0

Gefen, D. (2003). TAM or Just Plain Habit: A Look at Experienced Online Shoppers. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing, 15(3), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.2003070101

Ghandour, A., Woodford, B. J., & Abusaimeh, H. (2024). Ethical Considerations in the Use of ChatGPT: An Exploration Through the Lens of Five Moral Dimensions. IEEE Access, 12, 60682–60693. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3394243

Habiba, U. H., & Partho, P. P. B. (2024). ChatGPT as a Digital Co-Educator: Promoting Students’ Responsible and Ethical Use of OpenAI tools in Educational Contexts. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4329543/v1

Habibi, A., Mailizar, M., Yaqin, L. N., Alqahtani, T. M., Abrar, M., Hamuddin, B., & Failasofah, F. (2024). Unlocking English proficiency: Youtube’s impact on speaking skills among indonesian university students. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 14(1), 142. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.2485

Habibi, A., Muhaimin, M., Danibao, B. K., Wibowo, Y. G., Wahyuni, S., & Octavia, A. (2023). ChatGPT in higher education learning: Acceptance and use. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 5, 100190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100190

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., & Babin, B. J. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (7. ed., global ed). Pearson.

Kasapovic, A., Ali, T., Babasiz, M., Bojko, J., Gathen, M., Kaczmarczyk, R., & Roos, J. (2024). Does the Information Quality of ChatGPT Meet the Requirements of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery? Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.60318

Khalil, M., & Er, E. (2023). Will ChatGPT get you caught? Rethinking of Plagiarism Detection. https://doi.org/10.35542/osf.io/fnh48

Lahat, A., Shachar, E., Avidan, B., Glicksberg, B., & Klang, E. (2023). Evaluating the Utility of a Large Language Model in Answering Common Patients’ Gastrointestinal Health-Related Questions: Are We There Yet? Diagnostics, 13(11), 1950. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111950

Li, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Analysis of factors influencing ChatGPT user’s willingness to use based on principal component analysis. In L. Yang & W. Tan (Eds.), Sixth International Conference on Advanced Electronic Materials, Computers, and Software Engineering (AEMCSE 2023) (p. 22). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3004527

Liu, C. (2024). The investigation of application related to ChatGPT in foreign language learning. Applied and Computational Engineering, 35(1), 110–115. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/35/20230376

Montenegro-Rueda, M., Fernández-Cerero, J., Fernández-Batanero, J. M., & López-Meneses, E. (2023). Impact of the Implementation of ChatGPT in Education: A Systematic Review. Computers, 12(8), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/computers12080153

Murad, I. A., Surameery, N. M. S., & Shakor, M. Y. (2023). Adopting ChatGPT to Enhance Educational Experiences. International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Engineering, 35, 20–25. https://doi.org/10.55529/ijitc.35.20.25

Nafea, A. A., AL-Ani, M. M., Khalaf, M. A., & Alsumaidaie, M. S. I. (2024). A Review of Using Chatgpt for Scientific Manuscript Writing. Babylonian Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 2024, 9–13. https://doi.org/10.58496/BJAI/2024/002

Ngo, T. T. A. (2023). The Perception by University Students of the Use of ChatGPT in Education. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET), 18(17), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v18i17.39019

Nguyen, H. N., Nguyen, D., Tran, L. P. T., & Tran, T. H. N. (2024). Exploring English Vocabulary Learning of Vietnamese Secondary School Students with VoiceGPT Assistance. AsiaCALL Online Journal, 15(1), 55–70. https://doi.org/10.54855/acoj.241514

Nomoto, H. (2023). Issues Surrounding the Use of ChatGPT in Similar Languages: The Case of Malay and Indonesian. Proceedings of the 13th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 3rd Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers), 76–82. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.ijcnlp-short.9

Nugroho, A., Putro, N. H. P. S., & Syamsi, K. (2023). The Potentials of ChatGPT for Language Learning: Unpacking its Benefits and Limitations. Register Journal, 16(2), 224–247. https://doi.org/10.18326/register.v16i2.224-247

Park, S. Y., Nam, M., & Cha, S. (2012). University students’ behavioral intention to use mobile learning: Evaluating the technology acceptance model. British Journal of Educational Technology, 43(4), 592–605. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2011.01229.x

Pavlenko, O., & Syzenko, A. (2024). Using ChatGPT as a Learning Tool: A Study of Ukrainian Students’ Perceptions. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/krnpb

Raman, R., Lathabai, H. H., Mandal, S., Das, P., Kaur, T., & Nedungadi, P. (2024). ChatGPT: Literate or intelligent about UN sustainable development goals? PLOS ONE, 19(4), e0297521. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297521

Rogers, E. M., Singhal, A., & Quinlan, M. M. (2019). Diffusion of Innovations 1. In D. W. Stacks, M. B. Salwen, & K. C. Eichhorn (Eds.), An Integrated Approach to Communication Theory and Research (3rd ed., pp. 415–434). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203710753-35

Romero-Rodríguez, J.-M., Ramírez-Montoya, M.-S., Buenestado-Fernández, M., & Lara-Lara, F. (2023). Use of ChatGPT at University as a Tool for Complex Thinking: Students’ Perceived Usefulness. Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research, 12(2), 323–339. https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.2023.7.1458

Sallam, M. (2023). ChatGPT Utility in Healthcare Education, Research, and Practice: Systematic Review on the Promising Perspectives and Valid Concerns. Healthcare, 11(6), 887. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060887

Shaikh, S., Yayilgan, S. Y., Klimova, B., & Pikhart, M. (2023). Assessing the Usability of ChatGPT for Formal English Language Learning. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 13(9), 1937–1960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090140

Shao, K., & Xia, N. (2023). The Impact of ChatGPT on the Learning Satisfaction of Foreign Language Learners: A Study. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 24, 216–221. https://doi.org/10.54097/3zarbp35

Sila, C. A., William, C., Yunus, M. M., & M. Rafiq, K. R. (2023). Exploring Students’ Perception of Using ChatGPT in Higher Education. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 13(12), Pages 4044-4054. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v13-i12/20250

Siminto, Lisnawati, S. D., & Muharam, S. (2023). Teacher Professionalism Development Strategy through ChatGPT Support in the Context of Education Management. Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management (ADMAN), 1(3), 150–155. https://doi.org/10.61100/adman.v1i3.65

Sparks, C. A., Fasulo, S. M., Windsor, J. T., Bankauskas, V., Contrada, E. V., Kraeutler, M. J., & Scillia, A. J. (2024). ChatGPT Is Moderately Accurate in Providing a General Overview of Orthopaedic Conditions. JBJS Open Access, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.OA.23.00129

Tan, X. (2023). The Impact of ChatGPT on Education and Future Prospects. Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology, 61, 138–143. https://doi.org/10.54097/hset.v61i.10285

Turmuzi, M. (2024). Perceptions of Primary School Teacher Education Students to the Use of ChatGPT to Support Learning in the Digital Era. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 14(5), 721–732. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2024.14.5.2097

Vargas-Murillo, A. R., Pari-Bedoya, I. N. M. D. L. A., & Guevara-Soto, F. D. J. (2023). Challenges and Opportunities of AI-Assisted Learning: A Systematic Literature Review on the Impact of ChatGPT Usage in Higher Education. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(7), 122–135. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.7.7

Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000). A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies. Management Science, 46(2), 186–204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926

Yifan, W., Mengmeng, Y., & Omar, M. K. (2023). “A Friend or A Foe” Determining Factors Contributed to the Use of ChatGPT among University Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 12(2), Pages 2184-2201. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v12-i2/17400

Zawiah, M., Al-Ashwal, F., Gharaibeh, L., Abu Farha, R., Alzoubi, K., Abu Hammour, K., Qasim, Q. A., & Abrah, F. (2023). ChatGPT and Clinical Training: Perception, Concerns, and Practice of Pharm-D Students. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, Volume 16, 4099–4110. https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S439223

Zhang, J., Abbas, Z., Ali, T., Liu, Q., & Wang, Y. (2024). The Impact of ChatGPT on Students’ Writing Proficiency in Second Language Acquisition: Students’ Perception and Experiences: A Qualitative Analysis. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.51483/IJAIML.4.1.2024.1-9

Zong, J. (2024). Technology-Facilitated Oral English Learning Among Chinese University Students: ChatGPT as the Digital Future. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 32, 79–85. https://doi.org/10.54097/hykhr672

Downloads

Published

2025-02-28

How to Cite

Yaqin, L. N., Yusof, B., Yusof, N., & Damit, A. R. (2025). Students’ Perception of Using ChatGPT as an AI-Integrated Tool in the Malay Language. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: E-Saintika, 9(1), 13–31. https://doi.org/10.36312/e-saintika.v9i1.2584

Issue

Section

Original Research Article